Moving to Greensboro, NC
The American Civil War and final days of the Confederacy
Guilford County did not vote for secession but , once North Carolina joined the Confederacy the men of the county joined the Confederate cause, forming such infantry units as the Guilford Grays. From 1861 to March 1865 the city was almost untouched by the American Civil War, with the exception of dealing with shortages of clothing, medicines, and other items caused by the US naval blockade of the South. However, in the final weeks of the war Greensboro played a significant role. In April 1865 General P.G.T. Beauregard wasordered by the commanding officer of the Army of Tennessee, General Joseph E. Johnston, to prepare for a defense of the city. During this time, Confederate President Jefferson Davis and the remaining members of the Confederate cabinet had evacuated the Confederate Capital in Richmond, Virginia, andrelocated south to Danville, Virginia. When Union cavalry threatened Danville, Davis and his cabinet were able to escape by train and regrouped in Greensboro on April 11, 1865. Thus, Greensboro was the temporary capital city of the Confederacy. While in Greensboro, Davis and his cabinet decided to try and escape overseas to avoid capture by the victorious Union forces; they left Greensboro and split up . As such, Greensboro is famous as the last place the entire Confederate government met as a group, and Greensboro is thus the “final” capital city of the Confederacy. At nearly the same time, Governor Zebulon B. Vance fled the capital of North Carolina in anticipation of the arrival of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman. For a brief period beginning April 16, 1865, the capital of North Carolina was maintained in Greensboro.After the negotiations were completed at Bennett Place, now in present day Durham, North Carolina, between General Johnston and General Sherman on April 26, 1865, Confederate soldiers stacked their arms and received their paroles in Greensboro, and then headed for home.
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